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On January 3, Earth is set to experience a significant astronomical event known as Perihelion Day, marking its closest approach to the Sun during its annual elliptical orbit. This celestial occurrence, derived from the Greek words "peri" (near) and "helios" (sun), is not just an intriguing fact for stargazers and scientists; it has profound effects on our planet and its environment.
Perihelion occurs once a year, usually around January 3, when Earth is approximately 147 million kilometers away from the Sun, about 3 percent closer than its average distance. Despite being closer to the Sun, Perihelion doesn't align with the Northern Hemisphere's hottest months.
The axial tilt of Earth dictates seasons, leading to cooler temperatures during the Northern Hemisphere winter, even with increased solar radiation. Perihelion impacts the length of seasons, shortening the Northern Hemisphere winter by almost five days compared to summer and contributing to subtle climatic variations influenced by the 7 percent increase in solar radiation.
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